来源时间为：2024-03-08
绛县黄芩以条粗长、质坚实、杂质少而著称于世，其中绛县“南樊黄芩”由于其黄芩苷含量高，在市场上占主导地位。黄芩呈圆锥形，扭曲，长8～25cm，直径1～3cm。表面棕黄色或深黄色，有稀疏的疣状细根痕，上部较粗糙，有扭曲的纵皱纹或不规则的网纹，下部有顺纹和细皱纹。质硬而脆，易折断，断面黄色或浅黄色，略呈角质样。气微，味苦。无粗皮、杂质、虫蛀和霉变。其性寒味苦，具有清热燥湿、泻火解毒、止血安胎的作用。
ProductFeatures
JiangxianScutellariabaicalensisisknownforitslongandthickstrips,solidtextureandlowimpurities.Amongthem,Jiangxian“NanfanScutellariabaicalensis”dominatesthemarketduetoitshighcontentofbaicalin.Scutellariabaicalensisisconical,twisted,8-25cmlong,and1-3cmindiameter.Thesurfaceisbrownishyellowordarkyellow,withsparsewartyfinerootmarks.Theupperpartisrelativelyrough,withtwistedlongitudinalwrinklesorirregularmeshlines,andthelowerparthassmoothandfinewrinkles.Hardandbrittle,easilybroken,withayelloworlightyellowcross-section,slightlykeratinized.tinyodor,bitterintaste.Noroughskin,impurities,insectinfestation,andmold.Ithasacoldnatureandabittertaste,andhastheeffectsofclearingheatanddryingdampness,purgingfireanddetoxifying,andstoppingbleedingandpreventingmiscarriage.
人文历史
90年代以后由于黄芩野生资源减少，栽培资源逐渐成为黄芩药源的主要来源。其中绛县为黄芩种植大县，种植面积3万亩，年产量达6000吨以上。绛县黄芩种植历史记录为1977年面积为3亩。进入80年代末本省开始野生变家种技术研究，从2000开始在绛县黄芩的种植才得到进一步发展，目前绛县黄芩的种植面积和产量居全国之首。
HumanisticHistory
Afterthe1990s,duetothedecreaseinwildresourcesofscutellariabaicalensis,cultivatedresourcesgraduallybecamethemainsourceofscutellariabaicalensismedicinalresources.Amongthem,Jiangxianisamajorcountyforscutellariabaicalensiscultivation,withaplantingareaof30000muandanannualoutputofover6000tons.ThehistoricalrecordofscutellariabaicalensiscultivationinJiangxianwas3muin1977.Inthelate1980s,Shanxiprovincebegantoresearchthetechnologyofwilddomestication.Itwasnotuntil2000thattheplantingofscutellariabaicalensisinJiangxianwasfurtherdeveloped.Currently,theplantingareaandyieldofscutellariabaicalensisinJiangxianrankfirstinthecountry.
产地环境
绛县黄芩种植区地处中条山前沿的丘陵区的梯田台地。黄芩按药用作物分类属根类作物，喜温凉、半湿润、半干旱环境，耐寒、耐旱、怕涝。绛县县境处于中条山东段西北坡倾斜部分，土壤类型以褐土为主，pH值8～8.5，适耕性强，其有机质含量高达8.22～17g/kg。绛县属大陆性季风气候，年平均气温11.4℃，最冷一月，均温-4℃；最热七月，均温25℃。年平均日照时数为2270小时，日平均时数为8.5小时。年均降雨量630㎜，多集中在7～9月，无霜期190天。黄芩种子发芽适宜温度为15～25℃，在夏季高温高湿的环境条件下播种5～7天即可发芽。很好的解决了黄芩出苗难、苗不全的难题。为绛县黄芩后续良好生长和高产量打下坚实基础。土层深厚、土质疏松和土壤中丰富的有机质能有效促进黄芩根系生长，提高了黄芩皂苷等有效物质的积累，保证了绛县黄芩主根粗壮、侧根少、表面浅黄色、断面金黄色、味苦的品质特征。
保护范围：绛县境内古绛镇、横水镇、冷口乡、郝庄乡、陈村镇、卫庄镇、么里镇、安峪镇、大交镇、南樊镇10个乡镇189个行政村。
Originenvironment
TheplantingareaofscutellariabaicalensisinJiangxianislocatedonaterracedterracesinthehillyareaattheforefrontofZhongtiaoMountain.Scutellariabaicalensisbelongstotherootcropcategoryaccordingtomedicinalcropclassification.Itpreferswarmandcool,semihumid,andsemi-aridenvironments,andisresistanttocold,drought,andfearofwaterlogging.JiangxianislocatedinthenorthwestslopeoftheeasternsectionofZhongtiaoMountain,withbrownsoilasthemainsoiltype,pHvalueof8-8.5,strongsuitabilityforcultivation,andorganicmattercontentashighas8.22-17g/kg.Jiangxianhasacontinentalmonsoonclimatewithanaverageannualtemperatureof11.4℃,withthecoldestmonthhavinganaveragetemperatureof-4℃;ThehottestJuly,withanaveragetemperatureof25℃.Theaverageannualsunshinehoursare2270hours,andthedailyaveragehoursare8.5hours.Theaverageannualrainfallis630mm,mostlyconcentratedfromJulytoSeptember,withafrostfreeperiodof190days.Thesuitabletemperatureforthegerminationofscutellariabaicalensisseedsis15-25℃,andtheycangerminateafter5-7daysofsowingunderhightemperatureandhumidityconditionsinsummer.Iteffectivelysolvestheproblemofdifficultandincompleteemergenceofscutellariabaicalensisseedlings.TolayasolidfoundationforthesubsequentgoodgrowthandhighyieldofscutellariabaicalensisinJiangxian.Thedeepsoillayer,loosesoil,andabundantorganicmatterinthesoilcaneffectivelypromotethegrowthofscutellariabaicalensisroots,increasetheaccumulationofeffectivesubstancessuchasscutellariabaicalensissaponins,andensurethequalitycharacteristicsofstrongmainroots,fewlateralroots,lightyellowsurface,goldencross-section,andbittertaste.
Scopeofprotection:189administrativevillagesin10townshipswithintheterritoryofJiangxian,includingGujiangTown,HengshuiTown,LengkouTownship,HaozhuangTownship,ChencunTown,WeizhuangTown,MoliTown,AnyuTown,DajiaoTown,andNanfanTown.
产业发展
绛县境内有绛县开发区弘瑞药业有限公司、山西丕康药业有限公司，主要经营医药中间体、中成药，年产值达1.9亿元。
文章来源于：http://www.pmxl.net 品名
网站内容来源于网络，其真实性与本站无关，请网友慎重判断
